General Logic 08-FLDL-LOG

1. Lecture: Subject of logic and its place in the system of sciences.
Act of Communication. Elements of the logical theory of language: language types, functions of utterances, categorical approach to language. Names, propositions, connectives and their characteristics.
Reasoning and argumentation.
Elements of syllogistics.
Classical Propositional Calculus: Semantics
Classical Propositional Calculus: Syntax.
Natural Deduction for Classical Propositional Calculus
Method of analytic tableaux.
Elements of metalogic: Formal proofs, logical consequence, Deduction Theorem, soundness, completeness of PC.
Application of PC to the analysis of reasoning carried out in natural language
Analysis of the language on the basis of predicate calculus.
First – Order Logic: Syntax.
First – Order Calculus with Identity.
Application of QC to the analysis of reasoning carried out in natural language

2. Classes: Syllogistic: categorical propositions, relations, the language of syllogistic, the characteristics of a truth – connectives, square of opposition, syllogistic modes, validation of syllogisms.
Classical propositional calculus: a logical reconstruction of utterances, notion of tautology (0-1 method), semantics inadequacy, natural deduction, analysis of premises and arguments.
First-Order Calculus: language – syntax, paraphrases.

Module learning aims

Get to know the roots, the problems and the basic concepts of formal logic. Place of logic in relation to other sciences and philosophy. Clarification of the role of language as a tool for understanding and communication. To acquaint students with the principles of analysis and formalization of reasoning in ordinary language. Gaining skills of sound argumentation. Gaining skills of theorem proving. Developing of critical attitude and creative approaches to problems.

Major

Philosophy

Cycle of studies

1st cycle

Module type

compulsory

Year of studies (where relevant)

Year 1

Learning outcomes

The student has ordered knowledge of classical logic, knows basic research methods and argumentative strategies appropriate for the logic, accurately define the concept of ordinary language and correctly defines the terms used in their own statements, analyzes the philosophical arguments, identifies their key arguments and assumptions, detects relationships between analyzed theses (written and oral), has a basic understanding of logic and common argumentative strategies, at the elementary level constructs critical arguments, formulate responses to criticism, is open to new ideas and willing to change opinion in the light of the available data and arguments, in particular as regards to selected module.

Assessment criteria

Lecture: written examination checking the knowledge of basic definitions and theorems and the ability to prove. Classes: writing test.

Bibliography

T. Batóg „Podstawy logiki”, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań 1994 (Wyd. II).
G. Hunter „Metalogic: An Introduction to the Metatheory of Standard First Order Logic”, University of California Press, 1971.
L. Borkowski „Wprowadzenie do logiki i teorii mnogości” Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, Lublin 1991.
B. Stanosz „Ćwiczenia z logiki”, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 1998.

Additional information

Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors, localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system:

Description of 08-FLDL-LOG in USOSweb